El Niño
Indonesia is now grappling with unusually high temperatures believed to be the result of El Nino. Experts are expressing concerns that this weather phenomenon may escalate into what they have dubbed the ‘Gorilla El Nino’.
El Niño means Little Boy in Spanish. The term was originally used by fishermen of northern Peru to describe a warm southward coastal current that occasionally develops around the Christmas season. Now meteorologists use the term to describe large increases in sea surface temperatures in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific that occur at irregular intervals.
Episodes of El Niño typically last nine to 12 months, but can sometimes last for years. El Niño events occur every two to seven years, on average, but they don’t occur on a regular schedule.
El Niño can affect our weather significantly, thus El Niño events are closely watched by meteorologists. Its strong event is capable of altering weather patterns in many parts of the world.
One of the most predictable consequences of a strong El Niño is a change in rainfall patterns over Indonesia. During El Niño years, rain that is normally centered over Indonesia and the far western Pacific shifts eastward into the central Pacific; as a result, parts of Indonesia experience drought. El Niño causes a decrease in rainfall so that the dry season will be longer.
Adapted from: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
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